All about MongoDB

Shivangi Singhal
5 min readApr 11, 2021

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Introduction

What is a database?

A database is an organised collection of structured information, generally stored and accessed electronically from a computer system.

Different types of databases:

  1. SQL Database

2. Non-SQL Database

Introduction to MongoDB

MongoDB is an open source database management system. It uses document-oriented database model which supports various forms of data.

MongoDB Features

Different features of a MongoDB database

High Performance

MongoDB provides high performance. Most of the operations in the MongoDB are faster compared to relational databases.

Auto Replication

MongoDB provides auto replication feature that allows you to quickly recover data in case of a failure.

Replication is the process of synchronising data across multiple servers. Replication provides redundancy and increases data availability with multiple copies of data on different database servers. Replication protects a database from the loss of a single server. Replication also allows you to recover from hardware failure and service interruptions. With additional copies of the data, you can dedicate one to disaster recovery, reporting, or backup.

Horizontal Scaling

Horizontal scaling is possible in MongoDB because of sharing. Sharding is partitioning of data and placing it on multiple machines in such a way that the order of the data is preserved.
Horizontal scaling vs vertical scaling:
Vertical scaling means adding more resources to the existing machine while horizontal scaling means adding more machines to handle the data. Vertical scaling is not that easy to implement, on the other hand horizontal scaling is easy to implement. Horizontal scaling database examples: MongoDB, Cassandra etc.

Load Balancing

Horizontal scaling allows MongoDB to balance the load.

MongoDB can handle multiple client’s requests to read and write the same data simultaneously by default. It uses some concurrency control mechanisms and locking protocols to ensure data consistency at all times.

High Availability

Auto Replication improves the availability of MongoDB database.

Indexing

Index is a single field within the document. Indexes are used to quickly locate data without having to search every document in a MongoDB database. This improves the performance of operations performed on the MongoDB database.

MongoDB Ubuntu 18.04 Set Up

Step 1: sudo apt update

sudo (Super User DO) command in Linux is generally used as a prefix of some command that only superuser are allowed to run. If you prefix “sudo” with any command, it will run that command with elevated privileges or in other words allow a user with proper permissions to execute a command as another user, such as the superuser. This is the equivalent of “run as administrator” option in Windows. The option of sudo lets us have multiple administrators

apt-get update downloads the package lists from the repositories and “updates” them to get information on the newest versions of packages and their dependencies.

Step 2: sudo apt install mongodb

Step 3: sudo systemctl status mongodb

What does systemctl command do: systemctl is used to examine and control the state of “systemd” system and service manager.

Step 4: Setting up user id and password

sub-step 1: list of all databases

$ mongo
> show dbs

sub-step 2:

> use admin
> db.createUser({user:"shivangi", pwd:"1234", roles:[{role:"root", db:"admin"}]})

Step 5: Edit service file:

$ sudo nano /lib/systemd/system/mongodb.service

Step 6

systemctl daemon-reload
sudo systemctl restart mongodb
sudo systemctl status mongodb

Step 7:

mongo -u "shivangi" -p --authenticationDatabase "admin"

How to Uninstall MongoDB

sudo apt-get purge mongodb mongodb-clients mongodb-server mongodb-dev

sudo apt-get purge mongodb-10gen

sudo apt-get autoremove
####################################################################sudo apt list --installed | grep mongoAnswer:
mongo-tools/bionic,now 3.6.3-0ubuntu1 amd64 [installed,auto-removable]
mongodb-org/bionic,now 4.0.5 amd64 [installed]
mongodb-org-shell/bionic,now 4.0.5 amd64 [installed,automatic]
mongodb-server-core/bionic,now 1:3.6.3-0ubuntu1 amd64 [installed,auto-removable]

Solution:

sudo apt-get purge mongo-tools*
sudo apt-get purge mongodb*

How to visualise data inside MongoDB

Install MongoDB Compass

Download Compass

mongodb compass connect: https://docs.mongodb.com/compass/master/connect/

To download Compass, you can use your preferred web browser.

  1. Open the downloads page.
  2. Download the latest version of MongoDB Compass for Ubuntu. The MongoDB Compass installer is a .deb package.

Uninstall MongoDB Compass

delete mongodb compass: sudo dpkg — remove mongodb-compass

References

  1. MongoDB Features
  2. Horizontal v/s Vertical Scaling
  3. SQL vs Non SQL
  4. Data Modelling
  5. https://searchdatamanagement.techtarget.com/definition/MongoDB
  6. base tutorial
  7. base tutorial 2
  8. apt update command usage
  9. sudo command
  10. systemctl command
  11. document based storage
  12. SQL vs Non SQL differences
  13. SQL
  14. what is mongodb

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Shivangi Singhal
Shivangi Singhal

Written by Shivangi Singhal

PhD Researcher/Candidate at IIITD

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